The Egyptian revolution in 2011 and its related aftershocks in 2013 represent developments in a process that will decide a struggle within Egypt that has lasted over a century. The struggle is between one vision rooted in the idea of the Islamic Caliphate, and another that is more partial to the model of European modernity.  A third position, an offshoot from the second vision, represents a unique Egyptian blend of the two positions. This study claims that former president Mohamed Morsi’s failure at state management during his time in office led to a decline in his, as well as his party’s, popularity. The paper enumerates what are defined as abuses of power by the Morsi government, including the restriction of low-level public trade jobs to loyal members of the Muslim Brotherhood. It shows how moves like this resulted in widespread public discontent. The study also explores intellectual debates on the rights of women and Copts, and their negative impact on the enlightened forces in the cities. Looking forward, the paper examines the role of the army, predicting that, in order to move forward, The Muslim Brotherhood should offer concessions if government is to be able to achieve social justice. If this is not accomplished, the paper concludes, Egypt will witness a third wave of the January 25 Revolution.