This paper focuses on the Belt and Road Initiative, as a strategy aimed at connecting China with the rest of the world, in a way that centers Beijing in the economic and political ring. It reviews the most important items of the initiative, the strategic objectives of China, and its strategic position in the global system. Then it analyzes the most important challenges faced by China, focusing on foreign attitudes and the perceptions of international powers, including the United States of America, Russia, Japan, India and the European Union. It also focuses on the project implementation challenges, especially internal challenges in China, the most important of which is financing the initiative, weak governance, and the complexity of the Chinese bureaucracy.