This study deals with Israel's policy towards the Gaza Strip since Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon proposed the unilateral disengagement plan in 2003. It examines Sharon's motives and goals in presenting the plan, under which Israel withdrew from positions inside the Gaza Strip to maintain control of its surroundings via land, sea and air. The study delves into Israel's policy towards the authority Hamas has wielded in the Gaza Strip since the latter's takeover of power there in 2007, examining the motives of the siege imposed by Israel on the Strip, the depth of the humanitarian crisis caused by the blockade, Israeli policy towards reconstruction, and Israel's vision of a settlement with Hamas' Gaza authority.